2014-10-01

Evaporation ratio of boiler

Evaporation ratio of boiler reduces with time, due to poor combustion, poor operation and maintenance and heat transfer fouling.

Deterioration of fuel quality and water quality also leads to poor performance of boiler. Hence for performance test it is necessary to find out current evaporation ratio of boiler. Any observed abnormal deviations could therefore be investigated to pin point the problem area for necessary correction action.

Evaporation Ratio = Quantity of steam generation/ Quantity of fuel consumption

Boiler evaporation ratio also known as steam to fuel ratio.

Boiler evaporation ratio monitoring is best for any boiler when its own performance is compared on day to day basis as a performance indicator. A drop in boiler evaporation ratio indicates a drop in boiler efficiency.

Values of evaporation ratio for different type of fuels are as below:

Coal Fired Boiler              -   4.0 to 6.0

Oil fired Boiler                  -   13.0 to 14.5

Gas fired Boiler                -   11.0 to 13.0 

Biomass fired boiler        –   2.0 to 3.0

Boiler evaporation ratio depends on fuel quality or fuel calorific value. Higher calorific value fuel getting higher evaporation ratio.

Boiler evaporation ratio is unit less as it is ratio.

EXAMPLE (Natural Gas fired Boiler):
If quantity of steam generated by natural gas fired boiler is 4000 Kg/hr and quantity of natural gas consumed by boiler is 330 Kg/hr.

Then evaporation ratio of Boiler

 = Quantity of steam generated by boiler in Kg/hr/ Quantity of Fuel consumed by boiler in Kg/hr

=4000 Kg/hr/330 Kg/hr

Evaporation ratio of NG fired Boiler = 12.12

EXAMPLE (Coal fired Boiler):
If quantity of steam generated by natural gas fired boiler is 6000 Kg/hr and quantity of coal consumed by boiler is 1200 Kg/hr.

Then evaporation ratio of Boiler
 = Quantity of steam generated by boiler in Kg/hr/ Quantity of Fuel consumed by boiler in Kg/hr

=6000 Kg/hr/1200 Kg/hr


Evaporation Ratio of coal fired boiler = 5.0

EXAMPLE (Oil fired Boiler):
If quantity of steam generated by natural gas fired boiler is 10000 Kg/hr and quantity of oil consumed by boiler is 710 Kg/hr.

Then evaporation ratio of Boiler
 = Quantity of steam generated by boiler in Kg/hr/ Quantity of Fuel consumed by boiler in Kg/hr

=10000 Kg/hr/710 Kg/hr


Evaporation Ratio of oil fired boiler = 14.08