⚙️ What is Angular Misalignment in Shafts?
In mechanical engineering and rotating equipment maintenance, misalignment is a common issue that affects the performance and reliability of machines. Misalignment occurs when the center lines of coupled shafts do not coincide. One specific type of misalignment is known as angular misalignment, which can lead to vibration, bearing damage, and reduced equipment life if not corrected.
🔹 Definition of Angular Misalignment
- Angular misalignment happens when two shaft center lines are at an angle to each other.
- If the shafts meet at a point but are not parallel, the condition is classified as angular misalignment.
- This differs from parallel misalignment, where shafts are offset but remain parallel.
🔹 Planes of Angular Misalignment
Angular misalignment can occur in:
- Horizontal plane – shafts are tilted sideways relative to each other.
- Vertical plane – shafts are tilted up or down relative to each other.
- In practice, both planes may be affected simultaneously, requiring precise alignment checks
🔹 Acceptable Limits
- A typical objective in industry is to reduce angular misalignment to less than 1°.
- Precision alignment tools such as laser shaft alignment systems are often used to achieve this accuracy.
🔹 Effects of Angular Misalignment
- Produces a bending moment on each shaft.
- Generates strong axial vibrations at both bearings.
- Leads to premature wear of bearings, seals, and couplings.
- Causes energy losses and reduced efficiency in rotating machinery.
🔹 Importance of Correcting Angular Misalignment
Proper shaft alignment is critical for:
- Extending equipment life (bearings, seals, couplings).
- Reducing vibration and noise.
- Improving energy efficiency.
- Minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.
🔹 Key Takeaways
- Angular misalignment = shafts at an angle, not parallel.
- Can occur in both horizontal and vertical planes.
- Should be reduced to less than 1° for reliable operation.
- Causes vibration, bending moments, and bearing damage if left uncorrected.
- Precision alignment tools are essential for maintenance teams.
